Understanding CBM Calculation for sea freight
CBM (Cubic Meter) calculation is essential for LCL (Less than Container Load) shipping pricing. Accurate measurements ensure proper cost estimation and prevent billing disputes.
What is CBM in Sea Freight?
CBM represents the volume of space your cargo occupies in a shipping container. LCL shipments are charged based on CBM rather than weight, making accurate volume calculation crucial for cost control.
CBM Calculation Formula
CBM = Length × Width × Height (in meters)
For measurements in other units:
Centimeters: (L × W × H) ÷ 1,000,000 = CBM
Inches: (L × W × H) ÷ 61,024 = CBM
Feet: (L × W × H) ÷ 35.315 = CBM
Practical CBM Calculation Examples
Example 1: Single carton
Dimensions: 60cm × 40cm × 30cm
CBM = (60 × 40 × 30) ÷ 1,000,000 = 0.072 CBM
Example 2: Multiple identical cartons
Single carton: 50cm × 30cm × 25cm = 0.0375 CBM
Quantity: 20 cartons
Total CBM = 0.0375 × 20 = 0.75 CBM
LCL Pricing Based on CBM
| Trade Route | Rate per CBM | Minimum Charge |
|---|---|---|
| China to US | $80-$180 | 1 CBM minimum |
| China to Europe | $90-$200 | 1 CBM minimum |
| China to Australia | $70-$150 | 1 CBM minimum |
CBM vs Weight Considerations
LCL charges are based on whichever is higher: CBM or weight measurement (typically 1 CBM = 1,000 kg for charging purposes). Dense, heavy cargo may be charged by weight instead of volume.
Common CBM Calculation Mistakes
- Using internal dimensions: Always measure outer packaging dimensions
- Forgetting unit conversion: Ensure all measurements use the same units
- Ignoring irregular shapes: Use the largest dimensions for oddly shaped items
- Not accounting for palletization: Include pallet dimensions if goods are palletized
Tips for CBM Optimization
Efficient packaging: Minimize void space within packages while ensuring adequate protection. Custom packaging can significantly reduce CBM charges.
Consolidation opportunities: Combine shipments from multiple suppliers to achieve better CBM utilization and lower per-unit costs.
Container maximization: If approaching full container volumes (28 CBM for 20ft, 58 CBM for 40ft), consider upgrading to FCL for better rates and reduced handling.
