Understanding Dimensional Weight in air freight
Dimensional weight (also called volumetric weight) determines air freight costs when packages are light but bulky. Understanding this calculation prevents unexpected shipping charges.
What is Dimensional Weight?
Dimensional weight represents the space a package occupies relative to its actual weight. Airlines use this to maximize cargo hold efficiency and ensure profitability on light, bulky shipments.
Dimensional Weight Formula
Metric System: (Length × Width × Height in cm) ÷ 6,000 = Dimensional Weight in kg
Imperial System: (Length × Width × Height in inches) ÷ 166 = Dimensional Weight in lbs
The divisor (6,000 or 166) represents the dimensional factor, which may vary between carriers but these are industry standards.
Chargeable Weight Determination
Chargeable Weight = MAX(Actual Weight, Dimensional Weight)
Airlines always charge based on whichever weight is higher, incentivizing efficient packaging and accurate weight/dimension reporting.
Practical Examples
Example 1: Box measuring 60×40×30 cm, weighing 10 kg
Dimensional Weight: (60×40×30) ÷ 6,000 = 12 kg
Chargeable Weight: 12 kg (higher than actual weight)
Example 2: Dense machinery 50×30×20 cm, weighing 35 kg
Dimensional Weight: (50×30×20) ÷ 6,000 = 5 kg
Chargeable Weight: 35 kg (actual weight is higher)
Cost Impact Analysis
| Package Type | Impact | Strategy |
|---|---|---|
| Electronics | High dimensional weight | Minimize packaging |
| Textiles | Very high dimensional weight | Compress if possible |
| Machinery | Usually actual weight | Focus on actual weight |
| Documents | Minimal impact | Standard packaging |
Optimization Strategies
- Right-size packaging: Use smallest possible boxes while ensuring protection
- Compression: Vacuum packing for textiles and soft goods
- Consolidation: Combine multiple items to improve density
- Alternative materials: Lighter packaging materials for heavy items
Understanding dimensional weight calculations helps you optimize packaging decisions and accurately budget for air freight costs.
